Assessment of Aerides odorata's Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic, Thrombolytic, and Antiarthritic Properties: A Comparative In Vitro Analysis of Its Different Parts

Abstract

Historically, thrombosis, arthritis, cancer, wounds, and infections have all been treated with various herbal preparations. The aim of this work was to evaluate the antibacterial, thrombolytic, cytotoxic, and protein denaturation activities of ethanolic extracts from various Aerides odorata (AO) sections in vitro. Fourteen distinct microorganisms were used in the antimicrobial study; for orchid samples, ciprofloxacin was the most effective agent. AO/Leaf was the only one to exhibit antimicrobial potential; AO/Stem and AO/Root did not. Based on their LC50 values, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of plant extracts. AO/Root extract had the greatest cytotoxic activity when compared to AO/Leaf and AO/Stem extracts. Two incubation times (1.5 hours and 24 hours) and two concentrations (one thousand and one hundred ppm) were used to assess the thrombolytic activity of the extracts. The results obtained with regular streptokinase were then compared with the former. Compared to AO/Leaf and AO/Stem extract, it was discovered that AO/Root extract exhibited more thrombolytic activity. Furthermore, the herbal extract's protein denaturation was investigated at four different concentrations, and the results were contrasted with those of Diclofenac sodium. In relation to other sections, the maximum protein denaturation values for AO/Stem extract were determined to be 60.07±2.33%, 47.22±1.43%, 35.05±2.07 %, and 23.74±1.66% for 500–62.5 ppm, respectively.