Links to Health and Social Care
type: channel
description: Please note the journal has ceased publication at the present time so is not currently accepting submissions. This journal aims to provide a forum in which both undergraduate and postgraduate students in LJMU’s School of Nursing and Allied Health can discuss and share current practice in health and social care settings. It also provides an opportunity to share practice experience with a wider audience by publishing it in this journal. This could be experiences from an acute or community setting. Contributions may be reflections on practice using a recognised model of reflection such as Gibbs’ or articles on specific issues, examples might include: health promotion, long-term conditions, or safeguarding in a healthcare setting. We also welcome enquiries from practice staff who may be interested in disseminating their work using this journal. Enquiries would be welcomed to publish work that has a relationship to a health or social care topic or both. Contributions to the journal can be from one author or have multiple authorship.
publisher: LJMU
language: en
publication name: Links to Health and Social Care
issn: 2398-6875
copyright: Copyright is retained by the author and will be published under a CCBY-ND-NC (Creative Comons Attribution, no derivatives, non-commerical) license.
items: Recognition of sepsis in the paediatric patient: a reflective study
items: Guest Editorial
items: Authors in this issue
items: Anaphylaxis: a study of the condition and treatment
items: Exploring the Assessment and Communication throughout an Ectopic Pregnancy
items: Health promotion and patient empowerment in the palliative setting: a case study.
items: Health promotion opportunities related to a person or group of people taking into account the legal, ethical and policy context
items: Health Promotion with Cardiovascular Patients in the Clinical Setting: A students perspective
items: Authors in the issue
items: Safeguarding: Reflecting on Practice
items: Chronic Kidney Disease: A Case Study
items: Role of the Nurse in Managing Asthma in the Community
items: Whistleblowing as a means to raise concerns, or a means to an end!
items: Perceptions of men in the nursing profession: historical and contemporary issues
items: Health and social care research: a way of pragmatically addressing societal challenges
items: The management of nutrition in palliative care
items: Health promotion regarding STIs in young people
items: Synopsis Review of Negative Pressure Therapy as a treatment option for Diabetic Foot Ulcer
items: Inequalities in Access to Health Care for Transgender Patients
items: Lessons learned through reflecting on a classroom observation
items: 20 Minutes of Care – 2 Chapelhow et al Enablers
items: Using the Chapelhow Framework to deliver patient care
items: Obesity and the nurses’ role in reducing health inequalities through health promotion.
items: Smoking, alcohol and obesity: Health promotion opportunities relevant to acutely ill vascular and urology patients.
items: Why Chapelhow enablers are important when providing patient care
items: Editorial
items: A review into teenage pregnancy and the potential influencing socio-economic contributors
items: Population Health Needs Analysis: Victims of Modern Slavery and Human Trafficking in the UK

Recognition of sepsis in the paediatric patient: a reflective study
type: item
description: Sepsis affects around 100,000 people in the United Kingdom annually. Early recognition of this time critical medical emergency is vital to prevent the condition developing into life threatening septic shock. Paediatric mortality is between 13-34% in septic shock. Pre hospital recognition and treatment by paramedics is inconsistent. Education of the Sepsis Six pathway for pre hospital care providers, GP's and community care practitioners is vital for the rapid treatment and increased survival rates for the septic patient.
subject: Reflections on Practice
  topic: section
subject: sepsis
  topic: keywords
subject: paramedic
  topic: keywords
subject: paediatric
  topic: keywords
subject: sepsis six
  topic: keywords
subject: recognition
  topic: keywords
creator: Karen Allen
rights: Copyright (c) 2016 Karen Allen
date: 2016-05-16
publication date: 2016-05-16
starting page: 4
ending page: 18
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol1iss1article35

Guest Editorial
type: item
subject: Editorial
  topic: section
creator: Ian D Jones
rights: Copyright (c) 2016 Ian D Jones
date: 2016-05-16
publication date: 2016-05-16
starting page: 1
ending page: 2
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol1iss1article48

Authors in this issue
type: item
subject: Authors Bios
  topic: section
creator: Cath Dishman
rights: Copyright (c) 2016 Cath Dishman
date: 2016-05-16
publication date: 2016-05-16
starting page: 3
ending page: 3
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol1iss1article49

Anaphylaxis: a study of the condition and treatment
type: item
description: Anaphylaxis is a sudeen, severe and life threatening hypersensitivity reaction following exposure to a foregin protein. The majority of anaphylactic deaths are caused by envenomation from stings followed by adverse reactions to drugs and food. Treatment tends to be through the use of intra muscular adrenaline, nebulised salbutamo, anti histamines and steroids, although evidence has shown that the time required for the anti histamines and steroids to work shows little benefit for the patient in the early treatment stage. Given the nature of anaphylaxis, research on human subjects is fraught with ethical dilemas and a status quo in treatment regimes is likely for the foreseeable future
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: anaphylaxis
  topic: keywords
subject: treatment
  topic: keywords
subject: guidelines
  topic: keywords
subject: allergen
  topic: keywords
subject: adrenaline
  topic: keywords
subject:
  topic: keywords
creator: Neil David Allen
rights: Copyright (c) 2016 Neil David Allen
date: 2016-05-16
publication date: 2016-05-16
starting page: 44
ending page: 58
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol1iss1article36

Exploring the Assessment and Communication throughout an Ectopic Pregnancy
type: item
description: The application of the Chapelhow framework for a female patient experiencing an ectopic pregnancy, focusing on the assessment and communication elements of patient care. Further exploring the patients journey from the emergency room to the ward, discussing the investigations and pathways utilised throughout and providing the rationale behind the decisions made. Highlighting the good and poor aspects of holistic care provided and the impact on the patient and her partner. Finally evaluating the standard of assessment and communication as high, however recommendations to focus further on patient centred care, to minimise anxiety and distress for the patient during a difficult time and improvements made to teamwork amongst the multidisciplinary team.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Chapelhow
  topic: keywords
subject: assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: communication
  topic: keywords
subject: patient care
  topic: keywords
subject: ectopic pregnancy.
  topic: keywords
creator: Darian Lovell
rights: Copyright (c) 2016 Darian Lovell
date: 2016-05-16
publication date: 2016-05-16
starting page: 19
ending page: 30
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol1iss1article37

Health promotion and patient empowerment in the palliative setting: a case study.
type: item
description: This article discusses the concept of health promotion within a palliative care setting and the benefits of health promotion within this context. Promoting choice and autonomy benefits not only the patient but also impacts upon their family and friends. Three topics are considered; smoking, oral health and psychological wellbeing. Using case studies, I elucidate how individualised care planning benefits and empowers the patient. Barriers to promoting health such as lack of skill and time management are considered, and how these were overcome. The legal, ethical and policy contexts governing best practice nursing care are considered alongside the chosen topics.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Palliative care
  topic: keywords
subject: Health promotion
  topic: keywords
subject: Beneficence
  topic: keywords
subject: Smoking
  topic: keywords
subject: Oral hygiene
  topic: keywords
creator: Sarah Ruth Moss Simons
rights: Copyright (c) 2016 Sarah Ruth Moss Simons
date: 2016-05-16
publication date: 2016-05-16
starting page: 59
ending page: 70
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol1iss1article38

Health promotion opportunities related to a person or group of people taking into account the legal, ethical and policy context
type: item
description: Abstract Health promotion in nursing is the process of supporting people to increase control over, and to improve their own health. The World Health Organisation (WHO) (1948) defined health “As a complete state of physical, mental, social and emotional well-being, not merely the absence of disease”. It moves beyond a focus of individual behaviour to a wide range of social and environmental interventions (WHO, 2015). Health promotion is “About improving the health status of individuals and the population as a whole” (Evans et al., 2014). Thinking like a health promoter enables nurses to integrate the principles of effective health promotion which is a fundamental aspect of nursing care (Piper, 2009). The Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) (2010) has set out standards for pre-registration nursing education which it considers necessary for safe and effective practice in relation to health promotion and public health. These standards involve “Supporting and promoting the health, wellbeing, rights and dignity of people”. Nurses must also “Understand public health principles and practice in order to recognise and respond to the causes and social determinants of health, illness and health inequalities” (NMC, 2010). For the purpose of this assignment three health promotion issues most relevant to my practice experience will be discussed. The legal, ethical and policy context in relation to these issues will be explored. The actual name of any patient/s or the trust will not be disclosed, this is to maintain confidentiality and consent was gained following the NMC (2008) Code of Professional Conduct.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Health Promotion
  topic: keywords
subject: Drug Addiction
  topic: keywords
creator: Rebecca Louise Wynne
rights: Copyright (c) 2016 Rebecca Louise Wynne
date: 2016-05-16
publication date: 2016-05-16
starting page: 31
ending page: 43
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol1iss1article39

Health Promotion with Cardiovascular Patients in the Clinical Setting: A students perspective
type: item
description: A study focusing on a student nurses personal experience of examining what is health promotion and giving advice and knowledge to a cardiovascular patient within a clinical setting. The study’s aim was to explore the three main health promotion topics the student decided was important to that particular patient but are also applicable to other cardiovascular patients in some form. The reasoning for choosing the three main topics were that studies have shown smoking, poor diet and lack of physical activity are all major risk factors in developing cardiovascular disease. In conclusion the student found the role health professionals play in health promotion is invaluable as they have direct access to the patients and can therefore offer primary and secondary expert knowledge and advice.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Health Promotion
  topic: keywords
subject: Cardiovascular Disease
  topic: keywords
subject: Smoking Cessation
  topic: keywords
subject: Regular Physical Activity
  topic: keywords
subject: Diet Control
  topic: keywords
creator: Christine Elizabeth Kelly
rights: Copyright (c) 2016 Christine Elizabeth Kelly
date: 2016-05-16
publication date: 2016-05-16
starting page: 71
ending page: 82
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol1iss1article40

Guest Editorial
type: item
subject: Editorial
  topic: section
creator: David Gibson
rights: Copyright (c) 2016 David Gibson
date: 2016-11-15
publication date: 2016-11-15
starting page: 1
ending page: 2
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol1iss2article72

Authors in the issue
type: item
subject: Authors Bios
  topic: section
creator: Cath Dishman
rights: Copyright (c) 2016 Cath Dishman
date: 2016-11-15
publication date: 2016-11-15
starting page: 3
ending page: 3
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol1iss2article73

Safeguarding: Reflecting on Practice
type: item
description: The focus of this reflection is around an allegation of neglect of a baby. Using Gibbs model of reflection has enabled me to systematically explore the issues. It will explore some of the challenges that can be experienced by a practitioner when managing such issues. Recognition is given to the need for organisational and individual change if we are to improve practice in the management of safeguarding issues. It is acknowledged that we need to be able to recognise the challenges in the first instance if we are to improve practice.
subject: Reflections on Practice
  topic: section
subject: Safeguarding
  topic: keywords
subject: Interagency working
  topic: keywords
subject: Decision Making
  topic: keywords
subject: Assessment
  topic: keywords
creator: Angela Dempsey
rights: Copyright (c) 2016 Angela Dempsey
date: 2016-11-15
publication date: 2016-11-15
starting page: 4
ending page: 17
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol1iss2article74

Chronic Kidney Disease: A Case Study
type: item
description: An exploration of chronic kidney disease (CKD) focusing on a patient’s experience on admission to a nephrology ward. Causes of the disease include hypertension, diabetes and acute kidney injury, and progression could be slowed by medication to reduce blood pressure and glucose levels, along with dietary and lifestyle changes. As the average wait for a kidney transplant is around 3 years, finding a donor match is becoming increasingly difficult. Patients have several different treatment options, the most common being haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, both with advantages and issues. Complications of the disease include respiratory problems and fluid overload, with possible interventions being fluid monitoring and restrictions on fluid intake. Effects of the disease on the everyday life of patients include the need for regular invasive dialysis treatment, the necessary behavioural changes surrounding fluid intake and diet, and debilitating symptoms such as nausea and respiratory difficulty.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Chronic Kidney Disease
  topic: keywords
subject: Renal Failure
  topic: keywords
subject: Dialysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Nurse
  topic: keywords
creator: Hannah Marie Oldfield
rights: Copyright (c) 2016 Hannah Marie Oldfield
date: 2016-11-15
publication date: 2016-11-15
starting page: 18
ending page: 33
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol1iss2article75

Role of the Nurse in Managing Asthma in the Community
type: item
description: This article will examine the role of nurses managing asthma patients in the community, investigating factors around the management of asthma, such as education, triggers and local initiatives to prevent future exacerbations of asthma. Further research suggestions include investigating a correlation between asthma deaths and whether the patient received the advised annual review.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Asthma
  topic: keywords
subject: Management
  topic: keywords
subject: Community Nursing
  topic: keywords
subject: Respiratory
  topic: keywords
subject: Patient Care
  topic: keywords
creator: Danielle Kayleigh Mather
rights: Copyright (c) 2016 Danielle Kayleigh Mather
date: 2016-11-15
publication date: 2016-11-15
starting page: 34
ending page: 50
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol1iss2article76

Whistleblowing as a means to raise concerns, or a means to an end!
type: item
description: This is a reflection on a whistleblowing policy in practice. This will be linked to a specific issue from practice. Consideration will be given to the impact of culture within an organisation of a staff member decision to use the whistleblowing policy. While whistleblowing is an option where a staff member has serious concerns about quality of care, it is one that is only taken when all other avenues are exhausted. It will explore some of the challenges that staff and students can encounter when making a decision to whistleblow. It will explain how a whistleblowing policy can support professionals in practice. It argues how those on the receiving end of care may have limited choice on the quality of that care, but as health professionals we do have choices and it is about what choices we make.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Safeguarding
  topic: keywords
subject: Nurse
  topic: keywords
subject: Documentation
  topic: keywords
subject: Whistleblowing
  topic: keywords
subject: Culture
  topic: keywords
creator: Pat Clarke
rights: Copyright (c) 2016 Pat Clarke
date: 2016-11-15
publication date: 2016-11-15
starting page: 51
ending page: 62
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol1iss2article77

Perceptions of men in the nursing profession: historical and contemporary issues
type: item
description: Florence Nightingale’s perception and feminisation of nursing into a female only profession has resulted in fewer men pursuing nursing as a career. In contemporary society male nurses make up about 10% of nursing professionals (Walsh, 2016). Stereotyping and gender bias of men has helped create a less than inclusive and sometimes isolating experience for men in nursing (Duffin, 2006). Men in nursing are often treated differently to their female counterparts. It is important particularly for male nursing students to learn about men’s contribution to the history of nursing.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: David James Ross
rights: Copyright (c) 2017 David James Ross
date: 2017-05-26
publication date: 2017-05-26
starting page: 4
ending page: 20
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol2iss1article83

Health and social care research: a way of pragmatically addressing societal challenges
type: item
subject: Editorial
  topic: section
creator: Grahame Smith
rights: Copyright (c) 2017 Grahame Smith
date: 2017-05-26
publication date: 2017-05-26
starting page: 1
ending page: 3
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol2iss1article146

The management of nutrition in palliative care
type: item
description: In order to improve quality of life, nutrition in palliative care should be one of the main goals when managing a patient’s care. Malnutrition is a dominating factor when it comes to the palliative patient. Poor nutrition can not only hinder the patient but also their families as they see changes in their loved ones. The main aim of nutrition is to maximise food enjoyment and minimize food related discomfort. There are guidelines available for health care professionals to assist them in delivering high quality care to cancer and palliative patients. Nurses and other healthcare professionals play a vital role in the management of nutrition by providing both physical and emotional support for both the patient and their families. Ethical questions are also raised when it comes to artificial nutritional support which puts professionals, patients and family members in difficult positions.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Palliative Care
  topic: keywords
subject: Nutrition
  topic: keywords
subject: Malnutrition
  topic: keywords
subject: Cancer Cachexia
  topic: keywords
creator: Padraig Dermot O'Hara
rights: Copyright (c) 2017 Padraig Dermot O'Hara
date: 2017-05-26
publication date: 2017-05-26
starting page: 21
ending page: 38
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol2iss1article82

Authors in this issue
type: item
subject: Authors Bios
  topic: section
creator: Cath Dishman
rights: Copyright (c) 2017 Cath Dishman
date: 2017-05-26
publication date: 2017-05-26
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol2iss1article148

Health promotion regarding STIs in young people
type: item
description: This article explores health promotion techniques regarding STIs in one of the highest risk age groups, young people under 25 years of age. The article also explores the link between socioeconomic deprivation and poor sexual health. The role and responsibility of the nurse is promoting holistic wellbeing and sexual health is examined.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: sexual health
  topic: keywords
subject: socioeconomic deprivation
  topic: keywords
subject: STI
  topic: keywords
subject: young people
  topic: keywords
subject: health promotion
  topic: keywords
creator: Sarah Ruth Moss Simons
rights: Copyright (c) 2017 Sarah Ruth Moss Simons
date: 2017-05-26
publication date: 2017-05-26
starting page: 49
ending page: 62
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol2iss1article100

Synopsis Review of Negative Pressure Therapy as a treatment option for Diabetic Foot Ulcer
type: item
description: A synopsis review of four articles, which look at Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) as a treatment option for diabetic foot ulcers. Patients presenting with diabetic foot ulcers are on the increase which has a huge financial impact NHS, there is strong evidence that NPWT is a cost effective treatment. All four articles use a quantitative methodology. This synopsis will critically analyse the methodology, design, sampling, data collection and data analysis that the researchers have chosen to utilise. NPWT has been proven to be an effective treatment option for diabetic foot ulcers however the research is limited in regard to patient perspective of this treatment.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Research
  topic: keywords
subject: Synopsis
  topic: keywords
subject: Quantitative
  topic: keywords
subject: Diabetes
  topic: keywords
subject: Foot Ulcers
  topic: keywords
subject: Wound care
  topic: keywords
creator: Clare Henry
rights: Copyright (c) 2017 Clare Henry
date: 2017-05-26
publication date: 2017-05-26
starting page: 39
ending page: 48
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol2iss1article102

Inequalities in Access to Health Care for Transgender Patients
type: item
description: Abstract The last decade has seen a rise in the widespread recognition of trans individuals and a developing understanding of what it means to be trans. Although education is increasing across schools, communities and the National Health Service in the United Kingdom; are inequalities in access to health care services, a contemporary issue? Prejudice, stigma and discrimination on are the deterring fears of trans individuals when seeking health provision and interventions (House of Commons 2015). This paper will look at the campaigns, charities and Government publications on changing attitudes towards trans individuals; an analysis on care provision by nurses and health allies within the NHS, and the reasoning behind alleged transphobia in the UK.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: trans
  topic: keywords
subject: transgender
  topic: keywords
subject: transphobia
  topic: keywords
subject: NHS
  topic: keywords
subject: inequality
  topic: keywords
subject: access
  topic: keywords
subject: stigma
  topic: keywords
subject: nursing
  topic: keywords
subject: primary care
  topic: keywords
subject: community
  topic: keywords
subject: UK
  topic: keywords
creator: Bryony Whitehead
rights: Copyright (c) 2017 Bryony Whitehead
date: 2017-05-26
publication date: 2017-05-26
starting page: 63
ending page: 76
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol2iss1article109

Lessons learned through reflecting on a classroom observation
type: item
description: Using non-participant structured observation of classroom teaching as a method of collecting data was experienced; during a one hour session, the researcher noted who was speaking at 5-minute intervals. Preparation of a chart for 7 expected students became unwieldly when some 20 students attended, which was not anticipated. It soon became obvious that 5-minute intervals were too long, as many students spoke up but not at the points where speaking was recorded, so the final chart was unrepresentative of the classroom behaviour being observed. In addition, the researcher became involved in answering a question themselves, something that should not occur when using a non-participant approach.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Non-participant observation of classroom teaching
  topic: keywords
subject: pilot of non-participant observation
  topic: keywords
subject: educational research
  topic: keywords
creator: Susan Elaine Hopkins
rights: Copyright (c) 2017 Susan Elaine Hopkins
date: 2017-05-26
publication date: 2017-05-26
starting page: 77
ending page: 86
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol2iss1article145

20 Minutes of Care – 2 Chapelhow et al Enablers
type: item
description: There are six fundamental skills that enable a health care practitioner to become an expert practitioner (Chapellhow et al 2005). This article discusses two of these skills, communication and risk management whilst feeding an individual during a work placement. An 81-year-old woman lives in a nursing home, has Alzheimer’s disease and is a type two diabetic. The element of care lasted for no more than 20 minutes but several examples of the communication and risk management enablers were present. Good communication skills promote person-centred care and examples of verbal and non-verbal communication are given. The management of risk associated with dysphagia, malnutrition, osteoarthritis and diabetes are also described.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Chapelhow Enablers
  topic: keywords
subject: Communication
  topic: keywords
subject: Alzheimer’s
  topic: keywords
subject: Feeding
  topic: keywords
subject: Risk
  topic: keywords
creator: Fiona Louise Kendrew
rights: Copyright (c) 2017 Fiona Louise Kendrew
date: 2017-11-28
publication date: 2017-11-28
starting page: 28
ending page: 38
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol2iss2article114

Using the Chapelhow Framework to deliver patient care
type: item
description: The aim of this piece of work is to look at two enablers from Chapelhow et al.(2005), Communication and the effect gender has upon the individual and the importance of being able to actively listen but also when speaking knowing the importance of the choice of language used. As this can be the difference between therapeutic relationship for the patient or an incident due to the patient becoming agitated. The risk management and why it is a grey area surrounding positive risk. In conclusion it was found that more work needs to be done on the effect gender has upon communication such as male care providers upon female patients and what the grey areas are surrounding positive risk and how this is applied with risk management.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Chapelhow Enablers
  topic: keywords
subject: Communication
  topic: keywords
subject: Gender
  topic: keywords
subject: Risk Management
  topic: keywords
subject: Positive Risk
  topic: keywords
creator: John Steven Arnold
rights: Copyright (c) 2017 John Steven Arnold
date: 2017-11-28
publication date: 2017-11-28
starting page: 3
ending page: 15
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol2iss2article165

Obesity and the nurses’ role in reducing health inequalities through health promotion.
type: item
description: The obesity epidemic currently costs the National Health Service £6.1bn each year (Public Health England, 2015). This, combined with the co-morbidities associated with obesity means that the epidemic needs to be addressed. Nurses play a key role in reducing this epidemic through health promotion. However, it has become apparent that health inequalities exist with regards to obesity. As a result, nurses must be aware of the wider determinants of health in order to be equipped with the knowledge and skills to successfully promote health. The present training and guidelines nurses receive needs to be readdressed so this can be facilitated.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Obesity
  topic: keywords
subject: health promotion
  topic: keywords
subject: determinants of health
  topic: keywords
subject: socio-economic status
  topic: keywords
subject: inequalities
  topic: keywords
creator: Jennifer Elizabeth Upton
rights: Copyright (c) 2017 Jennifer Elizabeth Upton
date: 2017-11-28
publication date: 2017-11-28
starting page: 39
ending page: 51
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol2iss2article166

Smoking, alcohol and obesity: Health promotion opportunities relevant to acutely ill vascular and urology patients.
type: item
description: Alcohol, smoking and obesity are considered serious public health issues. This article examines the nurses’ role in health promotion and considers the legal, ethical and policy context relevant to a group of acutely ill patients on a vascular surgery and urology ward. It discusses how the majority of these patients suffer from vascular disease, primarily caused by modifiable risk factors and explores how to empower individuals to manage and improve their own health. The article concludes that nurses have a duty to help individuals to make informed decisions regarding their health. However, patients are entitled to make their own choices and the nurse must be respectful of their autonomy.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: smoking
  topic: keywords
subject: alcohol
  topic: keywords
subject: obesity
  topic: keywords
subject: health promotion
  topic: keywords
subject:
  topic: keywords
creator: Karen Johnson
rights: Copyright (c) 2017 Karen Johnson
date: 2017-11-28
publication date: 2017-11-28
starting page: 52
ending page: 65
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol2iss2article168

Why Chapelhow enablers are important when providing patient care
type: item
description: Chapelhow et al (2005) developed a framework based upon six fundamental concepts. These concepts are the building blocks that all healthcare professionals need in order to deliver patient care. Chapelhow et al (2005) refers to the concepts as enablers. There are six enablers, assessment, communication, risk management and managing uncertainty, professional judgement and decision making and documentation and record keeping. In this article, I look at two enablers; assessment and communication. I chose these two to discuss, because as a nurse these are essential skills to have when delivering patient care. It was apparent that both enablers are linked and are used together when caring for a patient and that assessment and communication skills are vital to have as a healthcare professional.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Chapelhow Enablers
  topic: keywords
subject: Communication
  topic: keywords
subject: Assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: Nursing Care
  topic: keywords
creator: Heather Taylor
rights: Copyright (c) 2017 Heather Taylor
date: 2017-11-28
publication date: 2017-11-28
starting page: 16
ending page: 27
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol2iss2article170

Editorial
type: item
description: Editorial
subject: Editorial
  topic: section
subject: Editorial
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr Valerie Fleming
rights: Copyright (c) 2017 Pat Clarke
date: 2017-11-28
publication date: 2017-11-28
starting page: 1
ending page: 2
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol2iss2article174

A review into teenage pregnancy and the potential influencing socio-economic contributors
type: item
description: The purpose of this article is to review pre-existing socio-economic factors that could potentially influence teenage pregnancy. Research shows that teenage pregnancy within England consistently remains the highest within Europe and gaps in current literature regarding the topic fail to prove why. This article provides a combination of both the social and economic factors that could predispose an individual to a teenage pregnancy and offers suggestions as to how healthcare practitioners can intervene. The main themes discussed within the article relate directly to an individual’s level of education being a fundamental aspect in the determination of one’s ongoing future decisions; the socio-economic status of an individual potentially pre-disposing one to a teenage pregnancy and a systemic review of the health promotion strategies that can be used by the nurse to ensure safe sexual health.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Teenage pregnancy
  topic: keywords
subject: Health Promotion
  topic: keywords
subject: Sexual Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Socio-economic
  topic: keywords
subject: Nursing
  topic: keywords
creator: Phoebe Kate Dickinson
rights: Copyright (c) 2017 Phoebe Kate Dickinson
date: 2017-11-28
publication date: 2017-11-28
starting page: 66
ending page: 76
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol2iss2article169

Population Health Needs Analysis: Victims of Modern Slavery and Human Trafficking in the UK
type: item
description: Modern slavery and human trafficking in the United Kingdom presents a series of new challenges for those working within the healthcare sector (Dalphins, 2016). Healthcare professionals have unique access to those involved in modern slavery, with over 88 percent of survivors reporting that they had accessed medical care on numerous occasions throughout their ordeal (Polaris Project, 2016). The variation in victim demographic, the differing forms of exploitation experienced and the traumatic nature of their ordeal can greatly affect the health of modern slavery victims (Adams, 2012). The enormity of the issue must be acknowledged and pre-emptive action taken to overcome barriers to satisfactory health and ultimately end the cycle of exploitation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Human Trafficking
  topic: keywords
subject: Modern Slavery
  topic: keywords
subject: Health
  topic: keywords
creator: Eleanor C K Henderson
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 Eleanor C K Henderson
date: 2018-05-29
publication date: 2018-05-29
starting page: 62
ending page: 83
doi: 10.24377/LJMU.lhsc.vol3iss1article189