A survey study exploring attitudes, knowledge and perceptions of air pollution in the United Kingdom.

Abstract

Background: Air pollution is defined as contamination of the indoor or outdoor environment by any chemical, physical, or biological agent that alters the inherent properties of the atmosphere. Air pollution is commonly caused by household combustion devices, motor vehicles, industrial facilities, agriculture and forest fires. It is considered a major public health issue and described as an “invisible killer.” This study aimed to explore people’s knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of air pollution in the United Kingdom.

Methods: A quantitative study was conducted using an online questionnaire sent via Facebook and the Doctoral Academy group. A total of 80 participants completed the questionnaire.

Results: The findings of the study revealed that (93.8%) of participants perceived air pollution as an important concern compared to only 6.3% who considered air pollution to be unimportant. Automobiles were indicated as the major cause of air pollution by participants (93.8%). Most participants identified carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NOx), and sulphur dioxide (SO2) as pollutants. While a small number of people identified particulate matter (PM), ozone (O3), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as air pollution contaminants. (66.3%) of participants believed that air pollution adversely affected their health. Most participants mentioned asthma (92.5%), lung cancer (57.5%) and respiratory related conditions as associated with air pollution. However, they were less likely to link air pollution to diseases such as cardiovascular disease (16.3%) and diabetes (5%). Most participants felt air pollution had deceased during the lockdown and acknowledged that there is a relationship between the weather and air pollution. Most participants attributed the main responsibility to tackle the issue of air pollution to individuals. There was a significant relationship between perception’s concern and gender, asthma risk perceptions and age. There was a significant association between the source of information about air pollution and the sense of contribution to reduce air pollution.

Conclusion: Overall, this study provided important information and knowledge for public health. It will act as a baseline information to raise awareness among the population. Additionally, it will give much-needed information to policymakers engaged in critical relevant air quality statements, including generating recommendations for new clean air regulations.