A qualitative insight into the perceptions of young males aged 18-25 regarding risky gambling and alcohol consumption in the United Kingdom

Abstract

Background: Gambling and alcohol have been recognised as two popular forms of leisure activity within the United Kingdom (UK), particularly amongst young males. Alcohol has reportedly had significant impact on young males gambling behaviour regarding impulsiveness due to intoxication. Both gambling and alcohol are recognised as public health issues, however, relatively little is known about how gambling and alcohol consumption may interact to increase risk. This study explores the perceptions of young males aged 18-25 on alcohol consumption and the impact it has on their gambling behaviour.

Methods: This study design implemented a qualitative approach to gain rich and in-depth data about perceptions and behaviour regarding alcohol and gambling. Using semi- structured interviews, ten males aged 18-25 from the UK were interviewed for roughly 30 to 45 minutes. Participants were asked questions on 4 topics, which derived from the literature: 1) Perception of behaviour, 2) Perception of risk, 3) Place and Setting and finally, 4) Government Legislation and Policy.

Results: After conducting a thorough thematic analysis six overall themes derived from each interview: 1) Alcohol has a significant impact on gambling behaviour and gambling has a significant impact on alcohol consumption. 2) Social influence has a significant impact on both behaviours. 3) Online gambling applications have increased alcohol and gambling consumption. 4) Calls to increase government harm reduction and prevention policy. 5) Regulation deemed necessary regarding gambling advertisement. 6) Experiences of both behaviours heavily influence perception.

Conclusions: This research study provides evidence that culture and social norms regarding gambling and alcohol consumption increases risky consumption within young males aged 18-25. Gambling is embedded in masculine culture, particularly those who enjoy sports. Young males believe alcohol increases risky gambling behaviour due to intoxication creating a sense of impulsiveness, lack of control and false sense of confidence. Evidence provided suggest that policy should aim to increase regulation and awareness to improve health and prevent further harm.