A scoping review into the prevalence and determinants of occupational health hazards among female healthcare workers in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Abstract

Background: This scoping review explores the occupational health hazards faced by female healthcare workers in Sub-Saharan Africa, aiming to provide a comprehensive assessment of the challenges and potential interventions. The review encompasses physical, biological, ergonomic, and psychosocial hazards and considers the broader socio-economic and cultural context within which these hazards manifest.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted across electronic databases, yielding a total of 20 relevant studies. These studies were critically appraised and synthesized to identify prevalent hazards and potential impact factors, along with interventions and policy recommendations. The analysis also examines the gender-specific nature of these hazards and their implications for gender equity within the healthcare workforce.

Results: The review highlights the pervasive nature of occupational health hazards among female healthcare workers in Sub-Saharan Africa, including needlestick injuries, ergonomic strains, infectious disease exposure, and psychosocial stressors. These hazards are influenced by various factors such as resource constraints, inadequate training, and organizational culture. While the studies underscore the pressing need for comprehensive occupational health measures, existing research gaps and the role of policy changes in promoting safety are also elucidated.

Conclusions: The findings underscore the urgent need for evidence-based interventions and policy reforms to address occupational health hazards among female healthcare workers. The implications of these hazards extend beyond individual well-being, impacting patient care quality and the overall resilience of healthcare systems. Recommendations encompass the establishment of robust infection prevention and control measures, ergonomic interventions, psychosocial support systems, and gender- sensitive policies.