Journal of Natural Products Discovery

Antimicrobial Activities, phytochemical composition and thin layer chromatography profile of Gossypium hirsutum and Abelmoschus esculentus leaves extracts

2024-07-01T12:50:13+00:00

Background: This study evaluates the antimicrobial activities, phytochemical composition, and thin layer chromatography (TLC) profile of ethanolic and aqueous leaf extracts of Gossypium hirsutum L. and Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench.

Aims: The objective is to investigate the phytochemical constituents and assess the antimicrobial efficacy of these plant extracts against various pathogenic microorganisms.

Methods: Leaves were collected, identified, air-dried, and powdered. Ethanolic and aqueous extracts were prepared and subjected to TLC analysis using silica gel plates and a mobile phase of ethanol, methanol, and ethyl acetate (5:3:2). Phytochemical screening was conducted using standard protocols. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated using the agar well diffusion method against pathogens including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi, Proteus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Candida spp.

Results: TLC analysis revealed seven compounds in G. hirsutum and six in Abelmoschus esculentus with distinct Rf values. Phytochemical screening identified phenols/tannins, saponins, flavonoids, reducing sugars, terpenoids, and anthraquinones in G. hirsutum, while A. esculentus contained all tested phytochemicals except phytosterol and essential oil. The antimicrobial assay indicated that ethanolic extracts of both plants exhibited significant antibacterial activity, with G. hirsutum showing higher efficacy. Ethanolic extracts of G. hirsutum inhibited S. aureus and S. typhi effectively, while aqueous extracts showed limited activity. Extracts of A. esculentus leaves inhibited all tested organisms except Proteus, with ethanol extracts also ineffective against S. pneumoniae.

Conclusion: The study demonstrates that ethanolic extracts of G. hirsutum and A. esculentus possess antimicrobial properties. These findings support the potential use of these plant extracts in developing natural antimicrobial agents.

FORMULATION OF AN ANTIOXIDANT HYDROGEL FACE MASK USING AN ORGANIC, SUSTAINABLY SOURCED, STANDARDISED WATER EXTRACT OF YERBA MATE (ILEX PARAGUARIENSIS) AS ACTIVE INGREDIENT.

2024-12-13T16:44:50+00:00

Background: The use of natural products in cosmetics has become increasingly popular in recent years. One such natural product that has shown promise as a cosmetic ingredient is Ilex paraguariensis, also known as yerba mate.

Aim: to formulate an antioxidant hydrogel face mask using an organic, sustainably sourced, standardised water extract of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) as active ingredient.

Methods: Organic yerba mate was water-extracted at 40°C and 80°C. Theobromine, theophylline, caffeine, and various phenolic acids were quantified using RP-HPLC-UV analysis. Extracts were then evaluated for antioxidant activity (DPPH assay). A commercially available mask-making machines for home use was used to produce hydrogel masks based on marine collagen and these were analysed for active ingredient distribution (homogeneity).

Results: The differences between 40°C and 80°C water extracts of yerba mate. The content in phytochemicals ranged 0.02-1 mg/ml. The extract equivalence in chlorogenic acid (CA) according to the DPPH assay was 0.25 mg_CA / mg_extract. The hydrogel facial mask was successfully formulated with 0.1 mg/mL of standardised yerba mate extract. The content in phytochemicals within the gel varied most for caffeic acid and theobromine (approx. 20%) but was <10% for theophylline, caffeine, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, rutin, quercitrin, and quercetin.

Conclusion: Face masks “home” machines can deliver hydrogel face masks based on marine collagen can incorporate yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) water extracts as active ingredient without detriment of the consistency, texture and sensory characteristics with relatively homogenous concentrations of the active principles.

A systematic review on the detection of carbapenamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae

2024-12-28T21:37:09+00:00

Introduction: Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) represents one of the most pressing and critical public health challenges associated with antibiotic resistance. Challenges persist in accurately and promptly identifying CPE despite the existence of diverse carbapenemases and multiple detection methods.

Aim: This study investigated diagnostic methods used for the detection of CPEs. Methods: The systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Electronic databases like Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were used to find relevant articles. In addition, the Joanna Briggs Institute quality appraisal tool was used to assess the quality of the included studies. STATA 14.0 was used for statistical analysis. Heterogeneity was assessed by using Cochran’s Q test and 12 statistics. In addition, publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot and Egger’s test. A random effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence.

Results: The meta-analysis revealed an overall pooled proportion of 40.53% for phenotypic detection of carbapenemase activity across the 11 studies, with substantial heterogeneity observed. Subgroup analysis highlighted variations in detection proportions based on different methods, with mCIM showing the highest proportion at 58,20%, Carba NP at 27.79%, and MHT at 34,62%. Evaluation of publication bias indicated little impact on the results, maintaining the stability of the meta-analysis outcomes.

Conclusion: In conclusion, this systematic review showed a high prevalence of CPE across the studies. This study emphasizes the importance of standardized detection methods, global collaboration, and the integration of advanced techniques for accurate CPE detection.